The aim of this study was to correlate the morphodigital characteristics of the trabecular mandibular bone, in this way, it is possible to observe osteoporosis clue in patients of both sex, using panoramic radiograph for analysis. The results of this study showed statistical difference between men and women considering the bone trabecular measures (p<0.05), but it was not found statistical difference between the sides in each analyzed group (p>0.05). Male group presented a more strongly trabecular and complex bone than the female group, this finding is important index to osteoporotic risk, being possible to affirm that the male bone is less probable to suffer a osteoporotic fracture

El objetivo de este estudio fue correlacionar las características morfodigitales del trabeculado óseo mandibular para de esta manera, verificar indicios de señales de osteoporosis, utilizando para esto, radiografías panorámicas de pacientes de ambos sexos. Los resultados del estudio mostraron diferencias entre los grupos masculino y femenino, en la cuantificación de hueso trabecular mandibular (p<0,05), pero no se encontraron diferencias enter los lados derecho e izquierdo en cada grupo analizado (p>0,05). El grupo masculino presentó un padrón óseo trabecular más compleo y fuerte que el grupo femenino. Este hallazgo puede ser un importante indicador en cuanto a los riesgos de osteoporosis, por ejemplo, siendo posible afirmar que los huesos de los individuos del grupo masculino están menos sujetos a riesgo de fractura por osteoporosis

The aim of this article is to present a singular and practical method to compare roentgenograms, concerning optical density and contrast. This method is specifically indicated for research related to stepwedge penetrometer and photodensitometer

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un método singular y práctico para comparar roentgenogramas, referentes a la densidad óptica y al contraste. Este método se indica específicamente para la investigación con el penetrómetro stepwedge y el fotodensitómetro

The aim of this study was to assess a bilateral comparison of the mandible density in both sex young patients with computer densitometry. Fifty panoramic radiographs were obtained from young patients with ages between 18 and 23 years old (group A = 25 female and group B = 25 male) standardized, using the same X-Ray equipment (Siemens, lOKvp, 7mA), scanned with a 282.110 pixels resolution, and transferred later to a computer and using the SIDEXIS (Sirona, USA) program to analyze the bone densitometry performance. Bilateral sites were standardized with the objective to measure the bone density. Obtained data were registered and submitted to statistical analysis. The following means and standard deviations were obtained, in pixels, for the right and the left side, respectively: group A= 154.36±36.90 e 186.12+31.41, group B= 162.07±34.94 and 180.15+30.96. These values show statistical difference between different sides and groups (p<0.05), with a higher bone density on the left side in both groups, especially in group A

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una comparación bilateral de la densidad de mandíbula en pacientes jóvenes de ambos sexos con computadora densitométrica ósea. Fueron obtenidas 50 radiografías panorámicas de pacientes jóvenes entre 18 y 23 años de edad (Grupo A = 25 femenino y el grupo B = 25 masculino), utilizando el mismo equipo de radiografía (Siemens, 1 OKvp, 7mA). Se escaneó con una resolución de 282,110 pixels, transfiriéndose luego a un computador para el estudio por medio del programa SIDEXIS (Sirona, USA) para analizar el desempeño densitométrico de hueso. Los sitios bilaterales fueron estandarizados con el objetivo de medir la densidad de hueso. Los datos obtenidos fueron registrados y sometidos a análisis estadístico. Las medias y los desvíos padrón fueron obtenidos en pixels, para el lado derecho y el lado izquierdo, respectivamente: Grupo A = 154,36±36,90 y 186,12±31,41, grupo B = 162,07±34,94 y 180,15±30,96. Estos valores muestran la diferencia estadística entre lados y grupos diferentes (p<0,05), con una densidad más alta de hueso en el lado izquierdo en ambos grupos, especialmente en grupo A

The objective investigation is to study and analyze the sensibility of the esqueletonization methodology in the alterations of the trabecular bone pattern in digital panoramic radiographies. In order to use this analysis and look changes in the bone density in the trabecular structure in healthy patients and with osteoporosis.The elements analyzed consist in five dry human mandibles. The four studied zones of each mandible were selected in the mandible body under the alveolar bone, studied zones: 1) Bucal and anterior to the right mental foramen, 2) Bucal and posterior to the right mental foramen, 3) Bucal and anterior to the left mental foramen, 4) Bucal and posterior to the left mental foramen.We realized the digital panoramic radiographies. After the first radiography we cut the delimited areas removing the buccal cortical plates. we did intentional fractures in the trabecular bone. Then we replace the buccal cortical plates and realized the second radiography, using the support created for the mandibles replacement, maintaining the fixed guide lines for each specimen. mid Sagital plane, canine line and Frankfurt Plane.The studied zones were analyzed in the software using the Watanabe 2003 Method. The studied images that show the trabecular bone squeleton were analyzed using: Histogram, particulas analysis, Fractal dimension, unions quantity or trabecuialr third union and the trabecular percent.The statistical analysis of the different zones before and after of the renovation and insertion didn't show a statistical important difference. The trabecular that the panoramic radiography showed were formed for the insertions in the corticals. The method of take off the cortical bone plates just breaks part inside the mandible body

Nuestro propósito fue estudiar la sensibilidad de la metodología de esqueletonizacion en las alteraciones del patrón óseo trabecular, en radiografías panorámicas digitales. Con el fin de poder utilizar esta metodología a futuro para el análisis y la observación de los cambios de densidad ósea en la estructura trabecular, en pacientes con osteoporosis y sanos. El material examinado consistió en cinco mandíbulas adultas, maceradas. Los 4 sitios de interés de cada mandíbula fueron escogidos en cuerpo mandibular, debajo de los alvéolos dentarios: Sitio 1. Oral y anterior al foramen mentoniano derecho. Sitio 2. Oral y posterior al foramen mentoniano derecho. Sitio 3. Oral y anterior al foramen mentoniano izquierdo. Sitio 4. Oral y posterior al foramen mentoniano izquierdo. Se realizó la toma de radiografías panorámicas digitales. Posterior a la primera toma radiográfica, se recortaron las áreas delimitadas removiendo las tablas vestibulares, Se fracturó intencionalmente el trabeculado óseo y luego se reubicaron las tablas vestibulares y se realizó una segunda toma radiográfica, con el uso de un soporte confeccionado para el posicionamiento de las mandíbulas, manteniendo las líneas guía fijas,para cada especimen: Plano mediano, Línea canina y Plano de Frankfurt. Los sitios de interés fueron trabajados en software, siguiendo el método empleado por Watanabe (2003), las imágenes resultantes, que muestran los esqueletos de las trabéculas óseas fueron analizadas utilizando las siguientes herramientas: Histograma, Análisis de partículas, Dimensión fractal, Cantidad de Uniones o encuentro triple de trabéculas y Porcentaje de trabéculas por área. En el análisis estadístico según los datos obtenidos de las diferentes regiones, antes y después de la remoción/inserción, no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Las trabéculas vistas en la radiografía panorámica son formadas principalmente por inserciones en las corticales. El método de retirar la tabla ósea proporcionó apenas una ruptura en el interior (segmento) del cuerpo mandibular

O presente trabalho avaliou o efeito de baixas doses de radiação X no processo de reparação tecidual em feridas suturadas e não suturadas em ratos. Para tanto, foi produzida nos animais uma ferida medindo 20 x 5 mm, sendo suturada ou não, dividindo-se os animais em 4 grupos: controle sem sutura, irradiado sem sutura, controle com sutura e irradiado com sutura. Os animais irradiados foram, no momento da irradiação, protegidos com um avental de chumbo de 2 mm de espessura com uma abertura, a qual permitia que fosse exposta somente a ferida cirúrgica. Cada animal sofreu 18 segundos de irradiação, totalizando 7,4 rad. O processo de reparação tecidual foi avaliado pela coloração por hematoxilina-eosina, verificando-se a morfologia do tecido de granulação e a impregnação argêntica para observação da síntese de colágeno, através da microscopia de polarização. Os resultados mostraram que a radiação, apesar de ter causado atraso, não impediu a reparação tecidual, sendo que o grupo que sofreu irradiação e não foi suturado mostrou maior retardo, quando comparado aos outros grupos.

The present work evaluated the effect of low doses of X-irradiation on the repairing process of sutured and nonsutured skin wounds in rats. For that, rats underwent a surgical proceedure, in which a 20 x 5-millimeter rectangular wound approximately 2-millimeter-deep was made in the dorsal region of each animal, and were divided in four groups: nonirradiated nonsutured; irradiated nonsutured ; nonirradiated sutured and irradiated sutured. The animals under irradiation were protected, during exposure, with a 2-millimeter-thick lead apron in such a way that only the incision was irradiated. Each animal was submitted to 18 seconds of exposure, undergoing a total of 7.4 rads. The evaluation of the effects of X-rays on the repairing process was carried out through microscopic observation by means of hematoxylin-eosin staining for morphological evaluation, and silver impregnation under polarized light for the observation of collagen synthesis. The results have shown that X-irradiation has caused delay in the repairing process, but it did not stop its development. The irradiated nonsutured group was considered to show the greater delay when compared with the other groups.

Os autores estudaram possíveis influências em mensurações angulares e lineares verticais do Plano Horizontal de Frankfurt (PHF) quando utilizado como plano de orientação em telerradiografias póstero-anteriores. Foram utilizadas 90 telerradiografias póstero-anteriores, obtidas de trinta pacientes em 3 posições: PHF paralelo ao Plano Horizontal, PHF formando ângulos de mais 5 graus e PHF formando ângulos de menos 5 graus em relação horizontal. Os resultados mostraram que 5 dentre as 6 medidas angulares e 3 dentre as 11 medidas lineares verticais estudadas não mostraram diferença estatisticamente significante. Os autores concluíram que, em casos de inclinação do plano de orientação em telerradiografias póstero-anteriores, as medidas angulares são mais confiáveis do que as medidas lineares verticais. As medidas lineares verticais mostram-se altamente sensíveis às inclinações quando os planos coronais não são muito próximos; as angulares só mostram perda de confiabilidade quando os pontos cefalométricos estão em planos coronais bem distantes.

The authors studied possible influences on angular and vertical linear measurements of the Frankfort Horizontal Plane (FHP) when used as an orientation plane in posteroanterior cephalometric radiographies. Ninety posteroanterior cephalometric radiographies were used, obtained from thirty patients in three positions: FHP parallel to the Horizontal Plane, FHP forming angles of plus and minus five degrees with the Horizontal Plane. After statistical treatment, five out of the six angular measurements and three out of the eleven vertical linear ones did not show statistically significant differences at a five percent level, in spite of the inclinations. The authors concluded that, in cases of inclination of the plane of orientation in posteroanterior cephalometric radiography, the angular measurements are more reliable than the vertical linear ones. As to the anatomic coronal planes, on which are located the cephalometric points considered for the measurements, the vertical linear measurements proved to be highly sensitive to the inclinations when the coronal planes are not quite close, and the angular measurements present only loss of reliability when the cephalometric points are on coronal points quite distant.